奔瀑（彩墨）

張山來先生云：「有地上之山水，有畫上之山水，有夢中之山水，有胸中之山水。地上者，妙在丘壑深邃；畫上者，妙在筆墨淋漓；夢中者，妙在景象變幻；胸中者，妙在位置自如。」

段日戒評曰：「若詩文中之山水，其幽深變幻更不可名狀。」依此看來，真實山水，畫中山水，夢中山水皆各有妙趣，但要「位置自如」，其實就必須在構圖上做功夫，如再加上「筆墨淋漓」，那便是上乘之作了。段先生硬是加上「詩文之山水」，道明「詩中有畫」的真諦就在詩文之中，畫山水而不讀書、不讀詩，是畫不出東西來的。

Rushing Waterfall/ink and color painting

In the words of Zhang Shanlai: “There are real mountain landscapes, mountain landscapes in paintings, mountain landscapes in dreams, and mountain landscapes in the heart. The beauty of real mountain landscapes lies in the depth of their peaks and gullies; that of painted mountain landscapes lies in their fluent depiction; that of dreamed mountain landscapes lies in their illusions; and that of heart-felt mountain landscapes lies in their free and easy locations.

Critique of Duan Rijie: “Like mountain landscapes in a poem, their profundity and illusion are indescribable.” From this perspective, while real mountain landscapes, mountain landscapes in paintings, and mountain landscapes in dreams all have their appeal, to achieve a “free and easy location” requires great skill at composition, as well as “fluent depiction” in order to achieve a real masterpiece. The fact that Duan purposely adds “mountain landscapes in poems” expresses that the real significance of “paintings in poetry” is that a painter who paints landscapes without reading books or poetry cannot really paint anything. ＠

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責任編輯：昌英