看新聞學英語(44)
Former Taiwan president speaks in Washington hotel
前台灣總統在華盛頓旅館發表演說
新聞來源:
At a speech on Wednesday, the former Taiwan president Lee Teng-hui decries political opponents in Taipei who he said would have the island state absorbed by “authoritarian” China.
【講解】
The former Taiwan president, 前任台灣總統,也可寫作The ex-Taiwan president,ex-是out的意思,就是說已經被out出去的總統,就是前總統,那麼ex-wife或ex-husband就是前妻或前夫了!
decries是decry的第三人稱單數,decry是公開譴責to blame publicly之意。新聞記者在表答「譴責」的訊息時,通常會用blame, blast, condemn, censure, denounce, decry, slam, slash, lash out, rap, rebuke這一組字。
之前的篇章中David老師也提過, 如果您那時記下來現在就會啦,不會也沒關係,現在記下來,以後記者不論換那個字,您就都會啦!
記的時侯也有訣竅,分成四組來記:blame, blast是一組,condemn, censure, denounce, decry 作一組,slam, slash, lash out是一組,rap, rebuke是一組。
這樣是否就很容記了呢?當然這已經是經過David老師整理過的嘛!一定要記下來喲,因為啊那一天新聞中沒看到「譴責」,那就是「世界大同」真的實現了!
absorb 是吸收(to drink in or swallow up)、接收(take over)的意思。authoritarian這個字可以當形容詞,也可以當作名詞,當形容詞就是「權威的、極權的」,當名詞則是指「權威主義者、獨裁主義者」。一般「極權」與「專制」是常常連帶提到的類義字,新聞記者還會用autocratic, tyrannical, dictatorial來表示。
這一個長句主要是由二個句子用who聯繫起來的,Who雖然在Taipei之後,可不是代表台北,而是代表opponents的關係代名詞。分解開來就是:
The former Taiwan president Lee Teng-hui decries political opponents in Taipei.
The opponents would have the island state absorbed by “authoritarian” China.
【譯文】:
前台灣總統李登輝在週三的一次演講中,公開譴責在台北的政治反對者,說他們會讓這個島國被「專制的」中國給併吞了。
He urges greater support among Americans for Taiwan’s continued self-reliance, democracy and freedom.
【講解】
self-reliance, 自治,reliance是rely的名詞,rely是依賴depend 的意思,這大家應該都知道。自我依賴,也就是「自治」的意思,一般記者提「自治」,還會用autonomy這個字。
【譯文】:
他敦促美國人對台灣持續的自治、民主與自由,能有更大的支持。
On a trip to Washington that has drawn official protests from Beijing, Lee argued that self-governing, democratic Taiwan should be accepted into the international community and treated like a “normal country.” “We hope that our American friends will understand and accordingly support the Taiwan people’s desire to be free and to choose our own future.”
【講解】
前面的介係詞片語On a trip to Washington that has drawn official protests from Beijing,可以分解成下列兩個簡單句來理解:
Lee was on a trip to Washington.
The trip has drawn official protests from Bejing.
That是關係代名詞,是代表trip,而不是Washington,這裡就是代表「華盛頓之旅」。
一般同學對according to「根據」,很熟悉,但對於accordingly就比較陌生,是「依照,適宜的 」( In agreement; suitably.)的意思 。
【譯文】:
李登輝這趟華盛頓之旅已經引起來自北京的官方抗議,李先生論辯說,自治民主的台灣應該被接受進入國際社會,並且以一個「正常國家」來被對待。「我們希望我們的美國朋友將會了解、並且適當的支持台灣人民想要自由與選擇自己未來的渴望。
The 82-year-old former president stepped down in 2000 after 12 years but retains much influence in Taiwan, where he is venerated by some as the father of Taiwan’s democracy and remains a leading advocate of independence from China.
【講解】
Step down,下台。Retain, 保留,保有。Venerate, 尊崇(regard with the highest respect.)。
advocate, 動詞是「呼籲」的意思,這裡作名詞,意思是「代言人,呼籲者」。這一句很長,如果分解成最原始的簡單句來看就容易多了:
The 82-year-old former president stepped down in 2000 after 12 years.
But (Lee still) retains much influence in Taiwan.
He is venerated by some (people) as the father of Taiwan’s democracy.
Lee remains a leading advocate of independence from China.
是這四句組合成了這個新聞長句,記者用but這個對等連接詞組合第一句與第二句,用where這個關係副詞連結第二句與第三句,再用and這個對等連接詞組合第三句與第四句。
【譯文】:
這位82歲的前總統在位十二年之後,於2000年下台,但是在台灣仍保有相當的影響力,他被一些人尊稱為台灣的民主之父,並且仍然是台灣從中國獨立出來的主要呼籲者。
China views Taiwan as part of its territory and says the island must be reunited with the mainland, by force if necessary. It refuses to deal with the independence-leaning government of President Chen Shui-bian.
【講解】
Lean是傾倒、倚靠(To bend over for support).的意思,所以independence-leaning就是傾向獨立之意,也可以寫成pro-independence支持獨立,其實記者常用的是pro-independence。
To deal with一般作「對付、處理」解釋,但也有「與….作生意」的意思,在這裡則作「往來」解釋較好,是說中國拒絕與陳水扁政府往來。
【譯文】:
中國視台灣為領土的一部份,並且說台灣必須與大陸統一,假如必要的話會使用武力。中國拒絕與有獨立傾向的陳水扁總統的政府往來。
Lee was earlier feted at a reception on Capitol Hill attended by 25 members of the U.S. Congress, and met separately with Republican Rep. Henry Hyde of Illinois, chairman of the House of Representatives’ International Relations Committee, organizers said.
【講解】
Fete, 宴請、款待之意(To entertain or honor with festivities.)不算新聞常用字。House of Representative, 眾議院,Rep. 就是 Representative的縮寫,眾議員之意。參議院則是Senate,參議員則為senator。
這一個長句可分解成下列三個句子來理解。
Lee was earlier feted at a reception on Capitol Hill.
The reception was attended by 25 members of the U.S. Congress.
Lee met separately with Republican Rep. Henry Hyde of Illinois, chairman of the House of Representatives’ International Relations Committee.
記者將第二句的訊息以分詞片語的型態與第一句結合起來,然後用對等連接詞and再將第三句聯結起來。
【譯文】:
主辦單位說,李登輝稍早在國會山莊接受宴請,有25位國會議員出席,並且個別會見共和黨伊利諾州眾議員亨利‧海德,他是眾議院國際關係委員會的主席。
In the speech, Lee encouraged Taiwanese-Americans to “firmly object against Chinese absorption of Taiwan.”
【講解】
Object, 反對 (To express disapproval of.), 另一個記者常用字是oppose。這裡介紹一下字根字首。Ob-這個字首是against, -ject這個字根是 to throw, 所以object就是to throw against,把東西丟過去對抗,所以是「反對」的意思。
同樣的,oppose這個字是由字根 –pose重複字首加上o所造出來的, –pose: to put之意,o-是against之意,所以to put against 就是「反對」的意思。
【譯文】:
在演講中,李登輝鼓勵台裔美國人堅定地反對中國併吞台灣。
(本則新聞講解完畢)@
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